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Tick each item off, step by step, to get where the tool is meant to take you.
As much information about the problem as possible has been gathered, for instance with 5W+H.
The problem is clearly written down under Defining the problem (page 1/2).
The whole team understands the problem (paraphrasing it is worth the minute).
The series of Why questions has been asked (page 1/2).
The answer to the last Why is logically connected to the problem.
The cause named by the last Why is one that can actually be removed.
That cause has been copied into the title on page 2/2.
The ways of removing the problem are written down (page 2/2).
These should be KNOWN TO THE WHOLE TEAM before you start, and kept in mind by everyone while you work.
Human error DOES NOT EXIST. There are only failures of the whole system.
An answer should cover both halves. 1. Why did the problem happen? 2. Why was it not caught?
How do we remove the cause?